Documents link U.S. anthrax scientist to terrorism warning

I'm reposting the link that juandelacruz had posted from the AP in the other thread about an hour before I found the above article:

In http://wtcdemolition.com/blog/node/1344#comment-12712 , juandelacruz sed:

"The FBI has released new info. Here is a Q and A by the AP:
http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hZJoOQ2zobZWgozHAy3u6IqxKAeQD92D2KDG3 ">

A Q&A on the anthrax case: What's the evidence?

By The Associated Press – 8 hours ago

Court documents unsealed Wednesday lay out much of the government's case against former Army scientist Bruce Ivins, who was described by the Justice Department at a news conference as "the only person responsible" for the 2001 anthrax attacks. The documents don't go that far, but they address many of the lingering unanswered questions in the case. Among them:

Q: How could Army scientist Bruce Ivins gain access to powdered anthrax, since the biological defense program at Fort Detrick, Md., where he worked did not deal with the toxin in that form?

A: Investigators said he has used devices called lyopholizers, which can convert anthrax to powder, as well as biological safety cabinets, incubators and centrifuges in vaccine research. Such devices are considered essential for the production of the highly purified powdered anthrax that was mailed to two Senate offices, as well as to news media organizations and elsewhere in the fall of 2001. But some colleagues say it would have been difficult, if not impossible, for Ivins to do the conversion unnoticed. The court documents say Ivins was unable to provide "an adequate explanation for his late laboratory work hours" around the time of the attacks.

Q: How can the FBI link Ivins to the anthrax for certain?

A: The closest they come is connecting the particular strain of anthrax to a flask in Ivins' lab. The government used new, sophisticated genetic testing techniques developed for this investigation. Others may have had access to that flask but they would have had to go through Ivins to get it. Prosecutors say they ruled out everyone else as suspects but did not explain how.

Q: What motive would Ivins have had to unleash an attack?

A: It's not clear, but the documents mention the stress of his job and his poor mental state. Documents say Ivins was under pressure at work at the time of the attacks to assist a company that lost its federal approval to produce an anthrax vaccine the Army needed. Ivins believed the vaccine was essential for the anthrax program at his facility. He was criticized for his work with a vaccine additive that was suspected of causing Gulf War syndrome. Also he had said he had "incredible paranoid, delusional thoughts at times."

Q: Did Ivins travel to Princeton, N.J., where the anthrax letters are believed to have been mailed?

A: The Justice Department said he could have driven to Princeton during that period, although there is no direct evidence of his presence there. Authorities say Ivins had a bizarre fascination with a sorority, Kappa Kappa Gamma, that had office space near the mailbox from where the letters were mailed.

Q: Why target media organizations and politicians?

A: Ivins was angry when an investigative reporter sought information from his notebooks on the vaccine additive. He said in an e-mail, "We've got better things to do than shine his shoes and pee on command." He also said he was anti-abortion, and the Catholic anti-abortion movement has criticized Catholic lawmakers who voted for abortion rights. The documents pointed out that two prominent lawmakers in this category were former Sen. Tom Daschle, D-S.D., and Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., both recipients of the 2001 anthrax mailings.

Q: Has the FBI matched handwriting samples from the letters?

A: There was no such evidence in the documents.

A search for:

"terrorists for sure have anthrax and sarin gas" and have "just decreed death to all Jews and all Americans"

Google initially claims "about 4,380" hits

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=opera&rls=en&hs=Wpf&q=%22terro...

However, when attempting to jump further into the search results (back into time?) to see if these phrases have appeared before the FBI's document release, the number of hits is reduced to 25.

I've had this happen before when looking for older information on particular topics. It seems that it has only happened to me before when searching for news and not other, more mundane topics.

The emphasis here and links provided belong to Ms. Nass, the blog's author.

Beyond a Reasonable Doubt?

Meryl Nass
Bar Harbor, Maine, United States
My Curriculum Vitae links to many of my testimonies and publications. My favorite papers include one investigating Zimbabwe's major anthrax epidemic, and a review of anthrax vaccine's usefulness in biological warfare.
http://anthraxvaccine.blogspot.com
This blog will discuss many aspects of anthrax vaccine, including information on its economics, effectiveness, safety, manufacture and other, related issues. It is intended to provide an easy way to view official documents and other evidence to gain a reliable, well-referenced view of this complex and confusing subject. It should complement my website with frequent updates and news items.

Beyond a Reasonable Doubt?

U.S. Attorney Jeffrey Taylor said at a Justice Department news conference, "We regret that we will not have the opportunity to present evidence to the jury."

Everybody else regrets it too--since what came out today was another pastiche of innuendo and circumstantial evidence, with an awful lot of holes. Time for the FBI to present all of what it has to the court of public opinion, don't you think? A major benefit for the FBI of sharing its case would be restoration of confidence in the US' system of justice, the Justice Department and its FBI.

I worked all day at the hospital, but want to get something out tonight, in a hurry, regarding the strength of some of the evidence presented today. I'll no doubt have more to say once I have read the rest of the "evidence".

Here goes:

1. Ivins had just been immunized against anthrax. He was required to have yearly immunizations, and some anthrax scientists have chosen to be vaccinated every six months for safety, since the vaccine's efficacy is weak--and Ivins had proven its weakness in several animal models. In his career he had probably received about 33 separate anthrax vaccinations.

2. Earlier, we heard the envelopes came from the specific post office he frequented. Today the affidavit states it is "reasonable to conclude" they were purchased in Maryland or Virginia.

3. Choosing a strain that would direct suspicion at Ivins. The perpetrator(s) were tremendously careful to leave no clues vis a vis the envelopes. For example, block lettering was used, which is the hardest to identify with handwriting analysis. Second, stamped envelopes were chosen to avoid using saliva. Third, there were no fingerprints on anything.

Why would the person(s) who took such care select an anthrax strain that would focus suspicion on himself? In 2001, strain analysis was possible. It had been discussed many times as a forensic tool for biowarfare, including in a paper I wrote in 1992, which Ivins had read, and in which I thanked him for his contributions.

4. Ivins was the "sole custodian" of the strain. But the strain was grown in 1997, and many people had access to it over that four year period. Having received a sample, or obtained it surreptitiously, they would be "custodians" of it too.

5. Ivins was in the lab alone at night for prolonged periods--much more so than at other times. Perhaps so. But the document states he spent exactly the same amount of time in the biosafety suite each night for 3 nights running just when the first letters were sent (September 14-16): 2 hours and 15 minutes, each time. That is a funny coincidence, when he spent variable amounts of time in the building. To me it suggests a clerical error.

Between September 11, 2001 and the first anthrax letter being found, there was a LOT of talk about a biological attack being next. I was deluged with queries about this at the time. So if Ivins was trying to work harder under the cloud of an impending attack, it makes sense to me, because I was working harder.

6. If the motive is that he was mentally disturbed, agitated, out of control, then the care he took with those envelopes is paradoxical.

7. He was under pressure to help Bioport with its substandard anthrax vaccine. So he wanted to help Bioport by creating an attack? That doesn't make sense. He had proven Bioport's vaccine had limited efficacy. He knew about the safety data implicating the vaccine in chronic illnesses, particularly autoimmune illnesses. His colleague at Detrick, Phil Pittman, MD, took the possibility the adjuvant was causing illness seriously, and had published on this. Bruce told me he thought he might have a blood illness due to the anthrax vaccinations he had received.

But most critically, Bruce had created new anthrax vaccines designed to replace Bioport's (now Emergent Biosolutions') vaccine. Why would he want to do Bioport a favor?

And the vaccine that was used after the attack was Bioport's (licensed in 1970, when Ivins was still in school) not Ivins', since Ivins' vaccines were not licensed or fully tested.

8. The affidavit carefully wordsmiths around Ivins' lack of knowledge for making weaponized anthrax, by emphasizing that he might have known some of the things needed to make such a product. The statement is this: "Dr. Ivins was adept at manipulating anthrax production and purification variables to maximize sporulation and improve the quality of anthrax spore preparations. He also understood anthrax aerosolization dosage rates and the importance of purity, consistency and spore particle size due to his responsibility for providing liquid anthrax spore preparations for animal anthrax spore challenges." After 28 years making anthrax, it would be odd if he weren't expert in all these areas.

9. We still need to know about the finished spore preparation in the letters. I am one who tends to believe the first reports in contrast to the later ones: the ones that come out before someone decides the story needs to be shaped. So it is logical to conclude that a very small amount of an additive, or a special treatment, was used to prepare the Daschle/Leahy letter spores in order to make the spores repel one another. This was multiply reported by scientists who had first crack at the sample. Later, other scientist who got to study the spores may have said there was no additive. But were they given the same spores? Had the effect worn off? The 2006 Beecher (FBI) paper claimed there was no additive, but curiously cited no research to back up this claim. To me, this was written by FBI in a crude attempt to shape the story, and was soon disputed by a UN official, Dr. Mereish. If you can show me what the real preparation was, and how Ivins could have learned to make it, I would find the story a lot more convincing.

10. The Naval Medical Research Center held all the samples, under contract to FBI. This is a trivial point, but the Army and Navy are longstanding competitors.

11. Mental health. If Ivins was so out of control, so scary, why was he allowed to keep working in a high containment lab with access to some of the world's deadliest pathogens for so long? Is it true, as has been reported, that it was an FBI agent who suggested Ms. Duley ask for a protection order? The wording on the order suggests she was coached by the FBI; how else would she know Ivins was to be charged with capital murder? More information on her finances and pre-existing legal troubles, and whether they had been remedied recently, is needed.

12. Ivins cursed about giving journalist Gary Matsumoto information requested in a Freedom of Information Act request. Matsumoto is a most peculiar journalist. We had a number of conversations. He would not get off the phone, sometimes staying on for an hour or more. He would harass me, in an attempt to shape the story. He worked very hard, trying to force me to say that the only problem with anthrax vaccine was its squalene adjuvant, although there were many reasons to question that assertion. I hung up on him more than once, exasperated, and no doubt I used some foul language describing our conversations to others.

13. The anthrax attacker MUST be able to be placed at the scene of the mailboxes, at the times the letters were mailed. Surely the FBI sought information on these dates and places from everyone with anthrax access in the US and probably abroad, shortly after the letter attacks. Either Ivins had an alibi or he didn't. Put up or shut up: this is the most critical evidence in this case. If Ivins cannot be placed in New Jersey on those dates, he is not the attacker, or he did not act alone.

Furthermore, there were other letters. Some contained other powders. Some were said to contain some anthrax in contemporaneous news reports. Some were warnings. These were mailed from other places, on other dates. The FBI has sat on this collateral evidence. If these envelopes, ink or block print were the same, the attacker would have to be placed at the scene when those letters were mailed. What happened to this evidence? Pony up.

14. The anthrax letters were sent for effect, not to kill. (See my 2002 article for more on this.) Here are the effects that resulted, at least in part, from the letters:

A. The Patriot Act
B. War against Iraq
C. A new bioterrorism industry, worth over $50 Billion so far, was created
D. The moribund Anthrax Vaccine Program was resurrected

Who benefited? Ivins was no beneficiary. (Had the Bioport vaccine been killed, as planned, maybe Ivins' vaccine would have taken its place.)

You know who benefited:

• The bioevangelists, who have made a ton of bucks on the threat
• The Neocons, looking for an excuse to attack Iraq. The Iraqis may not have attacked the World Trade Center, but by golly, everyone knew they had anthrax!
• Those seeking to consolidate more power in the executive branch, increase the surveillance of Americans, get rid of Habeus Corpus, and on and on.
• The anthrax vaccine manufacturer, Bioport. Guess what? Its CEO, Fuad El-Hibri and his company Intervac bought Bioport in 1998 with $3 Million down. The day before he bought it, the Army agreed to indemnify it for him, for free. Then contracts totalling hundreds of millions of dollars started rolling in.
• Twice last week, one day after Ivins went into the hospital with an overdose, and one day after Ivins died, El Hibri sold some of his shares in the company, for $200 Million. Did he think the company would get some extra scrutiny and its share price plummet? Although the shares were reportedly sold "automatically," if you review the price fluctuations, that would appear unlikely.

I am still waiting to hear about how the FBI eliminated from consideration those with a real motive.

BREAKING NEWS: Feds detail case against Ivins
Ivins' e-mail excerpts provided
Originally published August 06, 2008
http://www.fredericknewspost.com/sections/news/display.htm?storyID=78466

From Staff Reports

AUDIO: Listen to the raw audio from press conference
VIDEO: See video from today's press conference
SOUND SLIDE: Sights and sounds from press conference

At a 3:30pm press confernce at the Department of Justice Joseph Persichini Jr., assistant director in charge of the FBI’s Washington Field Office, discloses information connecting Dr. Bruce Ivins to the anthrax attacks. At left is Jeffery Taylor, U.S. Attorney for the District of Columbia.

Fort Detrick scientist Bruce Ivins became a “person necessitating further investigation” in regard to the anthrax attacks shortly after Sept. 11, 2001, for several reasons, according to federal documents released at 2 p.m. today.

The reasons include:

At the time of the attacks, he was the custodian of a large flask of highly purified anthrax spores that possess certain genetic mutations identical to the anthrax used in the attacks.

Ivins has been unable to give investigators an adequate explanation for his late night laboratory work hours around the time of both anthrax mailings.

Ivins has claimed that he was suffering serious mental health issues in the months preceding the attacks, and had told a co-worker that he had “incredible paranoid, delusional thoughts at times” and feared that he might not be able to control his behavior.

Ivins is believed to have submitted false samples of anthrax from his lab to the FBI for forensic analysis in order to mislead investigators.

At the time of the attacks, Ivins was under pressure at work to assist a private company to that had lost its FDA approval to produce an anthrax vaccine the Army needed for U.S. troops, and which Ivins believed was essential for the anthrax program at USAMRIID.

Ivins sent an e-mail to (REDACTED) a few days before the anthrax attacks warning (REDACTED) that “Bin Laden terrorists for sure have anthrax and sarin gas” and have “just decreed death to all Jews and all Americans,” language similar to the anthrax letters warning “WE HAVE THIS ANTHRAX ... DEATH TO AMERICA ... DEATH TO ISRAEL.”

The documents also indicate Ivins was suspect because of his connection to the envelopes used in the attacks.

According to the documents, four envelopes used in the attacks were recovered. The four envelopes were all 6.75-inch federal eagle envelopes, about 45 million of which were manufactured between Dec. 6, 2000, and March 2002.

These envelopes were sold solely by the U.S. Postal Service between Jan. 8, 2001, and June 2002.

After the attacks, an effort was made to collect all such envelopes for forensic examination, the documents state. Envelopes with printing defects identical to those used in the attacks were collected from the Fairfax Main, Cumberland and Elkton post offices.

Given that the printing defects are present on only a small population of the envelopes and that those used in the attacks were recovered from post offices services by the Dulles Stamp Distribution Office, it is reasonable to conclude that the envelopes used in the attacks were purchased from a post office in Maryland or Viginia, the documents state.

Of the 16 government, commercial and university laboratories, that have virulent RMR-1029 Ames strain anthrax material in their inventory, only one lab was in Maryland or Virginia: the USAMRIID facility at Fort Detrick, the documents state.

The documents also state Ivins told his therapist in a July 9 group session that he was a suspect in the anthrax investigation, and that he was angry with the investigators, the government and “the system in general.”

He said he planned to kill co-workers and others with a Glock he would obtain from his son, since surveillance by federal agents prevented him from getting a weapon on his own. The therapist, Jean Duley, called Frederick police, who took Ivins to Frederick Memorial Hospital for a forensic evaluation.

FBI meets victims, families

Prior to releasing the documents, federal officials met with victims of the attacks and their families in Washington.

Leroy Richmond, a postal worker who was infected with anthrax while working in Washington, told The News-Post the FBI showed evidence against Ivins to victims’ families and survivors of the 2001 anthrax mailings.

Richmond said FBI agents took questions and he was satisfied with their answers during the meeting at FBI headquarters.

Richmond, a resident of Stafford, Va., still suffers from fatigue and short-term memory loss caused by the anthrax he came in contact with at the Brentwood postal facility. He said he had to retire early from a job he loved.

Ivins' memorial held

Earlier today, about 11:30 a.m., a private memorial for Ivins took place at Fort Detrick, said Chuck Gordon, an Army spokesman. Prior to the ceremony, Ivins’ driveway across from the Army post on Military Road was full of cars.

Ivins’ son, Andy, dressed in a dark suit, left for the service at about 11:15 a.m.

He took one of the two cars with Shepherd University decals.

His mother, Ivins’ wife, Diane, emerged from the family’s two-story white wooden house after her son. With her were two men and a woman.

They departed in a red van and returned in the same van more than 90 minutes later. Diane Ivins chose not to say anything to the press as she walked to her house.

Andy Ivins appeared grief-stricken. He silently carried a bouquet of flowers into the house with him.

Excerpts from e-mails Bruce Ivins sent to a friend:

April 3, 2000: “Occasionally I get this tingling that goes down both my arms. At the same time I get a bit dizzy and get this unidentifiable ‘metallic’ taste in my mouth. (I’m not trying to be funny, [REDACTED]. It actually scares me a bit.) Other times it’s like I’m not only sitting at my desk doing work, I’m also a few feet away watching me do it. There’s nothing like living in both the first person singular AND the third person singular!”

June 27, 2000: “Even with the Celexa and the counseling, the depression episodes still come and go. That’s unpleasant enough. What is REALLY scary is the paranoia … Remember when I told you about the ‘metallic’ taste in my mouth that I got periodically? It’s when I get these ‘paranoid’ episodes. Of course I regret them thoroughly when they are over, but when I’m going through them, it’s as if I’m on a passenger on a ride … Ominously, a lot of the feelings of isolation — and desolation — that I went through before college are returning. I don’t want to relive those years again … I’ve been seeing the counselor once a week.”

June 28, 2000: “Apparently Gore (and maybe even Bush) is considering making the anthrax vaccine for the military voluntary, or even stopping the program. Unfortunately, since the BioPort people aren’t scientists, the task of solving their problem has fallen on us … Believe me, with all the stress of home and work, your e-mail letters to me are valuable beyond what you would ever imagine — and they help me keep my sanity …”

June 29, 2000: “BioPort just tested its final lot of AVA (anthrax vaccine) in a potency test. If it doesn’t pass, then there are no more lots to test, and the program will come to a halt. That’s bad for everyone concerned, including us. I’m sure that blame will be spread around.”

July 4, 2000: “The thinking now by the psychiatrist and the counselor is that my symptoms may not be those of a depression or bipolar disorder, they may be that of a ‘Paranoid Personality Disorder.’”

July 6, 2000: “[REDACTED], I think the **** is about to hit the fan … bigtime. The final lot of AVA, lot 22, isn’t passing the potency test, and now there’s nothing to back it up. Plus, the control vaccine isn’t working. It’s just a fine mess. [REDACTED] are spending probably 95 percent of our time on this.”

July 7, 2000: In an e-mail, Ivins offered to be interviewed as a case study, as long as it remained anonymous. Ivins indicated that he did not want to see a headline in the National Inquirer that read, “PARANOID MAN WORKS WITH DEADLY ANTHRAX!!!”

July 23, 2000: “It’s been a really stressful week, from all stand points. Home, work, and it’s not going well with the counselor I’m going to. (She said she thinks [REDACTED] I’m going to have to ask to get put with another counselor or into a group session … Sometimes I think that it’s all just too much.”

Aug. 12, 2000: “Last Saturday, as you probably guessed from my e-mail, was one of my worst days in months. I wish I could control the thoughts in my mind. It’s hard enough sometimes controlling my behavior. When I’m being eaten alive inside, I always try to put on a good front here at work and at home, so I don’t spread the pestilence … I get incredible paranoid, delusional thoughts at times, and there’s nothing I can do until they go away, either by themselves or with drugs.”

Aug. 29, 2000: “[REDACTED] are 10 percent of the Bacteriology Division. If we quit the anthrax program and BioPort would go down the drain. I’m not boasting, [REDACTED] but the three of us have a combined total of 52 years of research experience with anthrax. You can’t just go out and find someone like [REDACTED] with their knowledge, skill and abilities. Ain’t gonna happen.”

Mar. 4, 2001: “The people in my group just don’t pick up on what I try to say. They are not into the kinds of problems I bring up, so it’s hard for them to deal with them. The psychiatrist is helpful only because he prescribes the Celexa. He’s not that easy to talk to, and he doesn’t really pick up on my problems. The woman I saw before I went into group wanted to get me put in jail. That wasn’t very helpful either. I’m down to a point where there are some things that are eating away that I feel I can’t tell ANYONE…”

Sept. 7, 2001: “I was taken off the Special Immunization Program because of what happened last spring, and I’ve just gotten back on it, getting my anthrax and Yellow fever shots. We are currently finishing up the last of the AVA, and when that is gone, there’s nothing to replace it with. I don’t know what will happen to the research programs and hot suite work until we get a new lot. There are no approved lots currently available at BioPort … [REDACTED] has been having us have biweekly meetings on the rPA vaccine progress, and on August 29 I went to the Pentagon - first time there - to go to a meeting in his place on the vaccine. There is a real bag of worms with a new lot of rPA produced by the BDP (a private company) for NCI, who is under contract to USAMRIID. BDP signed a sub-contract with to produce the rPA for human use vaccine Phase I trial. They were paid and they produced it. Now they are refusing to release it unless the Army pays some incredible sum of money for lawsuit indemnification (about $200,000 per year for the next 50 years). The Army refuses to do that of course, and everything is in Limbo.”

Sept. 15, 2001: “I am incredibly sad and angry at what happened, now that it has sunk in. Sad for all the victims, their families, their friends. And angry. Very angry. Angry at those who did this, who support them, who coddle them, and who excuse them.”

Sept. 26, 2001: “Of the people in my ‘group,’ everyone but me is in the depression/sadness/flight mode for stress. I’m really the only scary one in the group. Others are talking about how sad they are or scared they are, but my reaction to the WTC/Pentagon events is far different. Of course, I don’t talk about how I really feel with them - it would just make them worse. Seeing how differently I reacted than they did to the recent events makes me really think about myself a lot. I just heard tonight that Bin Laden terrorists for sure have anthrax and sarin gas. You [REDACTED].”

In the Sept. 26 e-mail, Ivins states “Osama Bin Laden has just decreed death to all Jews and all Americans” - language similar to the text of the anthrax letters postmarked two weeks later warning “DEATH TO AMERICA,” “DEATH TO ISRAEL.”

Oct. 16, 2001: Ivins’ co-worker said to former co-worker in an e-mail, “Bruce has been an absolute manic basket case the last few days.”

Dec. 15, 2001: “I made up some poems about having two people in one (me + the person in my dreams): … I’m a little dream self, short and stout I’m the other half of Bruce - when he lets me out When I get all steamed up, I don’t pout I push Bruce aside, them [sic] I’m Free to run about!

Hickory dickory Doc - Doc Bruce ran up the clock.
But something then happened in very strange rhythm.
His other self went and exchanged places with him.
So now, please guess who
Is conversing with you.
Hickory dickory Doc!
Bruce and this other guy, sitting by some trees,
Exchanging personalities.
It’s like having two in one.
Actually it’s rather fun!
Source: Affadavit in support of search warrant

Documents reveal series of federal search warrants
Originally published August 07, 2008

By Nicholas C. Stern

http://www.fredericknewspost.com/sections/news/display.htm?storyID=78499

The Frederick News-Post staff reviewed documents unsealed Wednesday afternoon by a U.S. District Court judge in charge of the FBI's nearly seven-year investigation into the 2001 anthrax mailings that killed five and left 17 injured.

Fort Detrick scientist Bruce Ivins became the subject of a series of federal search warrants granted to U.S. Postal Inspectors and FBI agents in late 2007 and early 2008.

On Nov. 1 and Nov. 2, 2007, federal officials executed six searches of Ivins' home, cars, a safe deposit box and his office, lab and work lockers. Of those searches, four resulted in no seized materials.

In February 2008, federal officials made four searches of Ivins' e-mail accounts, one of which resulted in the seizure of photographs on CDs.

The following list includes materials seized from searches.

Ivins' work

On Oct. 31, 2007, FBI agents obtained a warrant for Bruce Ivins' lockers, office and lab areas at Fort Detrick, which authorized a search for traces of anthrax, hairs and clothing fibers, lab equipment and other evidence relating to the 2001 anthrax mailings.

On Nov. 2, 2007, investigators removed from his office:

- a binder of slides;

- two business cards;

- a paper containing usernames;

- a red envelope labeled "safe deposit box key";

- a video cassette labeled "House Contents";

- photocopies of ID and credit cards;

- a printout from abcnews.com;

- five manila folders of documents;

- 13 optical disks, 13 zip disks, floppy disks, and thumb drives;

- two hard drives;

- a Dell computer.

Ivins' home

A search warrant for Ivins' Frederick residence was executed on the evening of Nov. 1, 2007. U.S. District Court Magistrate Judge Deborah A. Robinson signed the order to Postal Inspector Thomas F. Dellafera and FBI Special Agent Kellie O'Brien oversaw the search. The following list includes some of the items seized:

- Three cardboard boxes labeled "Paul Kemp, Attorney client privilege," one of which contained scientific research documents;

- A Glock 27 handgun;

- Counter-surveillance package/equipment;

- Five cards from Respect Life Committee;

- A notebook detailing firearms training and contacts;

- A paperback copy of Albert Camus' "The Plague";

- A black briefcase containing a Glock 43 pistol; a Beretta pistol and a Glock 27 pistol;

-A (Phi) Beta Kappa new-member handbook;

- Various photographs, computers, computer disks, audio and video tapes, laboratory supplies and a booklet on "Crystal Origin";

- WMD documents from the American Red Cross.

Investigators obtained another warrant July 11, 2008, two days after Ivins reportedly made threatening statements at a group counseling session. He was at Frederick Memorial Hospital at the time the search warrant was issued.

Ivins reportedly told therapist Jean Duley that he planned to kill his coworkers, and that he had a bulletproof vest and would obtain a Glock from his son.

Investigators executed the warrant on the afternoon of July 12, 2008. U.S. District Court Magistrate Judge Deborah A. Robinson signed the order to U.S. Postal Inspector Charles B. Wickersham and FBI Special Agent Marlo Arredondo oversaw the search. The following list includes some of the items seized:

- Attorney-client documents;

- In the room of Andy Ivins (Bruce Ivins' son): a spent bullet round in a hamper of dirty clothes; a 12-gauge shotgun round; a plastic baggie with almost four dozen .22-caliber rounds; a live 9 mm Winchester round;

- Alliant Powder 2400, smokeless magnum handgun powder in a closet near the entryway on the floor;

- In room "K," homemade, yellow body armor with silver duct tape; a black, bulletproof vest, size medium; one box with 55 .40-caliber rounds; a box with 50 .40-caliber rounds; a box with 11 9 mm rounds; a magazine with 16 9 mm rounds and a magazine with 14 9 mm rounds under a wooden dresser in a brown bag next to a Glock 27 carrying case. Three more loaded magazines and a box of hollow point rounds were discovered in the same room.

Also in room "K," a blue notebook containing Alcoholics Anonymous notes that concerned social workers.

- In room "F," A handwritten note regarding counselor Jean Dooley (Jean Duley) found on a kitchen table.

Ivins alone responsible for attacks, feds claim
Investigators defend use of circumstantial evidence in pointing finger at Detrick scientist
Originally published August 07, 2008

From Staff Reports

http://www.fredericknewspost.com/sections/news/display.htm?storyID=78502

U.S. Attorney for the District of Columbia Jeffrey Taylor fields questions from reporters during a Wednesday afternoon press conference at the Department of Justice building in Washington. At left is Joseph Persichini Jr., assistant director in charge of the FBI’s Washington Field Office.

STORY SO FAR

June 27: Stephen Hatfill, a Fort Detrick scientist named a “person of interest” shortly after the anthrax attacks, is awarded $5.82 million to settle his lawsuit against the U.S. Department of Justice.

July 10: Frederick Police Department officers, called to Fort Detrick for a welfare check, take Bruce Ivins to Frederick Memorial Hospital for an evaluation. He is later transferred to a psychiatric hospital in Baltimore.

July 24: Jean C. Duley, who treated Ivins in group and individual therapy for six months, petitions the District Court of Maryland for a Peace Order, naming Ivins as the respondent. She claims, among other things, that Ivins threatened her with physical harm. She refers to herself as a “theripist” (her misspelling) in her handwritten note on the back of the petition.

July 24: Judge W. Milnor Roberts issues a temporary Peace Order and schedules a final Peace Order hearing for Thursday, July 31.

July 25: A Frederick County Sheriff’s Office corporal attempts to serve notice of the Peace Order on Ivins at his Fort Detrick office and is informed that Ivins is barred from the property.

July 29: Ivins dies at Frederick Memorial Hospital in an apparent suicide after overdosing on acetaminophen.

July 30: FBI agents seize two public access computers from the C Burr Artz Library in Frederick, but make no mention of the Ivins case.

July 31: An Order of Dismissal of Petition for Protection is granted by the District Court, noting that the respondent was deceased.

Aug. 1: The Los Angeles Times breaks the story of Ivins death and reports that he was about to be indicted for the anthrax attacks of 2001.

Aug. 3: The Associated Press and other media outlets, citing unnamed sources, report that genetic material links the specific type of Ames strain anthrax used in the attacks to Ivins’ Fort Detrick lab.

Aug. 4: The FBI contacts anthrax victim David Hose about a meeting on the status of the investigation.

Aug. 5: The Frederick Police Department confirms it has begun an investigation into claims made by a therapist who testified Ivins tried to poison people as early as 2000.

Aug. 6: Federal authorities meet with victims of the anthrax attacks in Washington and release documents related to the case against Ivins.

Investigators are standing by the circumstantial evidence they used to build a case against Bruce Ivins, the FBI's sole suspect in the 2001 anthrax mailings that killed five people and injured 17 others.

Officials at a Wednesday press conference admitted they lacked physical evidence that could better tie Ivins to the mailings that targeted news organizations and elected officials.

Ivins was a Fort Detrick scientist and leading anthrax researcher who died from an apparent suicide July 29. Investigators had been scheduled to meet with Ivins' attorney last week to lay out their case.

U.S. Attorney for the District of Columbia Jeffrey A. Taylor said the FBI does not have direct evidence. For example, investigators have neither gas nor toll receipts that would place Ivins in Princeton, N.J., the location from where the anthrax letters were mailed. They do not have any samples of his handwriting matching that on the envelopes.

The FBI recognizes its evidence is largely circumstantial, but said it was compelling enough to find Ivins guilty beyond a reasonable doubt, Taylor said.

"Thousands of prosecutors and thousands of courthouses across this country every day prove cases beyond a reasonable doubt using circumstantial evidence," he said.

When asked why and how Ivins, a man characterized as emotionally unpredictable, was allowed to continue working in a highly secure lab, Taylor said Fort Detrick was notified.

"With respect to the access he actually had, I defer to the Department of Defense," Taylor said. "When the investigation began to focus on Dr. Ivins, the lab was notified."

In a statement released Wednesday, The United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases said Ivins was denied access in November 2007 to labs where researchers worked with anthrax and other deadly diseases.

Taylor did not say when the lab was notified about the investigation.

Officials continually urged reporters at Wednesday's briefing to read the unsealed documents rather than answer specific questions about the lack of physical evidence.

When asked about reports FBI agents had approached Ivins' family in a Frederick mall, officials said those claims were "categorically false."

Earlier media reports used unnamed sources to describe FBI agents offering money to Ivins' adult children for information. The reports also stated agents showed his son and daughter pictures of anthrax victims, telling them their father was responsible for the crimes.

Joe Persichini Jr., assistant director in charge of the FBI's Washington Field Office, said agents handled themselves professionally and treated the family with respect.

FBI director Robert Mueller on Wednesday morning briefed survivors of the attacks, as well as family members of those killed, with details of the investigation.

Survivor Leroy Richmond said he was satisfied with the answers he received during the four-hour meeting at FBI headquarters. Richmond, of Stafford, Va., was infected with anthrax while working at the Brentwood postal facility in Washington.

Others affected by the attacks were less sure of the case against Ivins.

"Some of what they said did help a lot, but not totally," said Dena Briscoe, who worked with Richmond at the Brentwood facility and is the president of the Nation's Capital/Southern Maryland Area Local of the American Postal Workers Union, AFL-CIO.

Briscoe, who missed about two months of work because of bronchitis after the attacks, attended Wednesday's press conference. She said postal workers deserve a formal explanation.

THE EVIDENCE

Federal agents built their case against Ivins on 16 points, according to investigative documents released Wednesday afternoon. The following evidence is revealed in those documents:

Genetic analysis

Investigators discovered several unique characteristics of the anthrax used in the attacks that served as a DNA fingerprint.

Following the mailings, 16 government, commercial and university labs that had virulent Ames strain anthrax in their inventories prior to the attacks were identified. In all, investigators obtained more than 1,000 samples of Ames anthrax and archived them in an FBI repository.

The samples from the attacks were compared to the new samples and investigators determined only eight contained all the genetic mutations. Each of those eight related to an Ames strain spore batch, identified as RMR-1029.

That batch was stored in the B3 biocontainment suite in building 1425 of USAMRIID at Fort Detrick.

Ivins had unrestricted access to the suite and had been the sole custodian of RMR-1029 since it was first grown in 1997.

Envelopes used

Four envelopes used in the attacks were recovered. The four envelopes were all 6.75-inch federal eagle envelopes, about 45 million of which were manufactured between Dec. 6, 2000, and March 2002.

These envelopes were sold solely by the U.S. Postal Service between Jan. 8, 2001, and June 2002.

After the attacks, an effort was made to collect all such envelopes for forensic examination, the documents state.

Envelopes with printing defects identical to those used in the attacks were collected from the Fairfax Main, Cumberland and Elkton post offices.

Given that the printing defects are present on only a small number of the envelopes and that those used in the attacks were recovered from post offices serviced by the Dulles Stamp Distribution Office, investigators said it is reasonable to conclude the envelopes used in the attacks were purchased from a post office in Maryland or Virginia.

Of the 16 government, commercial and university laboratories that have virulent Ames strain anthrax material in their inventory, only one lab was in Maryland or Virginia: USAMRIID.

Mental health issues

Ivins was prescribed antidepressants, antipsychotics and anti-anxiety medications for mental health issues from 2000 through 2006. E-mails Ivins wrote to a friend describe his "paranoid personality disorder" and a feeling of "being eaten alive inside." He wrote that a therapist he saw in late 2000 wanted to "get me put in jail," and that he had to transfer to a new psychiatrist and group counseling.

He describes his reaction to the events of Sept. 11, 2001, as "far different" from that of the rest of his counseling group. In the same e-mail, he states that "Osama Bin Laden has just decreed death to all Jews and to all Americans," using similar wording to the "DEATH TO AMERICA" and "DEATH TO ISRAEL" proclamations in the anthrax letters postmarked two weeks later.

In July 2007, a forensic psychiatrist who reviewed Ivins' insurance billing records for medical appointments and prescriptions determined that if Ivins had mailed the anthrax letters, he would have likely retained a souvenir of the event.

Working late nights

Ivins worked odd hours alone in a secured lab that was linked to the 2001 anthrax attacks at USAMRIID. A flask inside the lab contained organisms used in the attacks.

Unlike other researchers, Ivins worked in the lab at night and on weekends by himself. Ivins said he went there "to escape" from home, a place that was "not good." He typically worked from 7:30 a.m. to 4:45 p.m. and worked at night sometimes to check on experiments.

However, Ivins visited the lab at night more frequently starting in August 2001, just before the anthrax letters were mailed. He spent more than 30 hours working at the lab during evenings in September 2001, compared to less than five hours in September 2000.

Days before anthrax letters were mailed to the New York Post and NBC News anchor Tom Brokaw on Sept. 17 or 18, Ivins worked in the lab two hours and 15 minutes each night from Sept. 14 to 16. He did not enter the lab at night again until Sept. 25.

Ivins also worked at night before anthrax letters were mailed to then-Sen. Tom Daschle and Sen. Patrick Leahy sometime between Oct. 6 and Oct. 9, 2001. Starting Sept. 28, Ivins worked in the lab eight evenings in a row, spending almost four hours in the lab Oct. 5. He didn't enter the lab again until Oct. 9 and worked for 15 minutes.

Failure to cooperate

Ivins gave the FBI samples from a flask used in his lab in 2002. The samples could not be used because Ivins did not "follow protocol," according to documents. The samples tested negative, but FBI agents later seized more samples Ivins did not originally give to the FBI. Those samples tested positive and could be linked to the mailings.

Anthrax knowledge

When the FBI told Ivins that the samples matched genetics found in the mailings, the researcher said he already knew, according to documents. Ivins said an FBI agent had already told him, but that agent said otherwise. Ivins later said he found out from co-workers, but they also denied giving such information to him.

False names and sorority obsession

Ivins used at least two Frederick post office boxes over the past 24 years to communicate with others, mainly regarding the sorority Kappa Kappa Gamma. In an online posting under an e-mail address provided by Ivins, the writer outlines his extensive knowledge of the sorority.

The warrant also includes a police report of vandalism reported in the same area Ivins lived in during his post-doctoral fellowship at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. Greek letters were painted on the home's front fence, three adjacent sidewalk areas and on the rear window of a car.

The anthrax letters were mailed in 2001 from a box in Princeton, N.J., about 60 feet from a KKG office.

Mailbox

The investigation showed that all anthrax letters were mailed from a mailbox on Nassau Street in Princeton, N.J., postmarked on Sept. 18, 2001, or Oct. 9, 2001.

Frustrations with the U.S. Senate

Ivins and his wife are practicing Catholics, having attended St. John the Evangelist Roman Catholic Church in Frederick. Ivins identified his wife as president of the Frederick County chapter of Right to Life.

In 2001, Daschle and Leahy were criticized in a newsletter article published by the Right to Life of Greater Cincinnati for their pro-choice stance on abortion. A Leahy staffer stated in 2001 that Leahy and Daschle were seen by some as trying to slow the passage of the Patriot Act.

Vaccine controversy

An additive in the anthrax vaccine blamed for Gulf War Syndrome came under fire during the 1990s. In 2001, the FDA suspended further production of the vaccine at BioPort, a private company in Michigan. Ivins and USAMRIID scientists were responsible for resolving the vaccine production issues.

In early 2002, following the anthrax attacks, the FDA re-approved the vaccine for human use, and in 2003, Ivins received the highest civilian honor from the Department of Defense for returning the vaccine to production.

Background

Investigators said Ivins had extensive experience in the production of spores to create anthrax. He used equipment in his vaccine research that could have been used to create the anthrax used in the mailings.

Greendale School

The return address on one of the anthrax letters was "4th Grade, Greendale School."

In 1999, the American Family Association filed suit on behalf of parents at Greendale Baptist Academy in Wisconsin, claiming social workers had violated a fourth grade pupil's rights by interviewing the pupil about corporal punishment at the school without parents present.

Donations were made to AFA in the name of Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Ivins 11 times between 1993 and 1997. Another donation by the couple was recorded one month after an article about the Greendale incident appeared in the AFA Journal. The Ivins subscribed to the Journal until March 2005.

Bacterial contaminant

Both of the anthrax spore powders recovered from The New York Post and Brokaw letters contained low levels of a certain bacterial contaminant.

RMR-1029 did not contain that contaminant, which suggests that the anthrax used in the attacks was grown from the material contained in RMR-1029 and not taken directly from the flask and placed in envelopes.

Anthrax origin

Investigators identified a unique elemental signature of silicon on the letters used in the attacks. That silicon signature had not been previously described for anthrax.

A physical comparison of the spore powders revealed differences in the two sets of mailings. While the spore powders for one set were granular and multicolored, the other set's powders were fine and uniform in color.

The documents do not state how this links Ivins to the attacks.

Trace evidence

Anthrax spores can survive extreme conditions inside their dense shells. Investigators believed traces of the bacteria could remain inside the home or car of the person responsible for the 2001 mailings even six years later.

The documents do not state how this links Ivins to the attacks.

Tape, ink and fiber trace evidence

All four of the envelopes containing the letters were taped along the seams with transparent tape, the documents state. Because of patterns placed on the tape as part of the manufacturing process, it is possible to match a piece of tape with the roll where it originated.

According to FBI lab experts, the envelopes were addressed with a pen that dispenses fluid-like ink, rather than the ink found in ball point pens, the documents state. Because of the distinguishing characteristics of ink, which vary by manufacturer, it is sometimes possible to match ink writing with the pen or brand of pen used to apply it.

Forensic analysis of the tape attached to the four envelopes has identified eight different types of fiber attached to the tape: black cotton, black wool, black nylon, brown polyester, blue wool, yellow acrylic, red cotton and red acrylic.

The documents do not state how this links Ivins to the attacks.

IVINS' MEMORIAL HELD

Earlier Wednesday, about 11:30 a.m., a private memorial for Ivins took place at Fort Detrick, said Chuck Gordon, an Army spokesman. Prior to the ceremony, Ivins' driveway across from the Army post on Military Road was full of cars.

Ivins' son, Andy, dressed in a dark suit, left for the service at about 11:15 a.m.

He took one of the two cars with Shepherd University decals.

His mother, Ivins' wife, Diane, emerged from the family's two-story white wooden house after her son. With her were two men and a woman.

They departed in a red van and returned in the same van more than 90 minutes later. Diane Ivins chose not to say anything to the press as she walked to her house.

Andy Ivins appeared grief-stricken. He silently carried a bouquet of flowers into the house with him.

Bonnie Duggan, Ivins' neighbor, said she hadn't had a chance to review the evidence Wednesday, but deep down, Ivins didn't have it in him to harm someone, she said.

"It doesn't change the way we knew him as a neighbor," she said.

It would be hard to know what is true without talking to his family, and they're not likely to divulge anything anytime soon, Duggan said.

"The people who are closest to him have not said anything," she said.

Staff writers Ashley Andyshak, Adam Behsudi, Trevor Davis, Marge Neal, Justin M. Palk, Pam Rigaux and David Simon contributed to this story.

smokinggun.com - Inside The Anthrax Probe
http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/years/2008/0806081anthrax1.html

Records detail circumstantial case against scientist Bruce Ivins

AUGUST 6--Though many key details of the federal investigation of bioweapons researcher Bruce Ivins have already leaked, today's unsealing of 436 pages of documents provides some new information about the government's probe of the late government employee whom prosecutors believe was solely responsible for the deadly 2001 anthrax attacks. The government's circumstantial case against Ivins, who committed suicide last month, is sketched out in affidavits filed in support of 14 search warrant applications filed since November 2007, when agents raided Ivins's home, cars, and his safe deposit box. As seen below, included in the affidavits is the government's bid to possibly explain why Ivins sent anthrax-filled letters to Tom Brokaw (an NBC investigative reporter had filed a Freedom of Information request regarding Ivins's laboratory work) and U.S. Senators Patrick Leahy and Tom Daschle (the pols's pro-abortion stance angered Ivins, a practicing Catholic). The documents also describe how Ivins created a bogus e-mail trail in a bid to deflect investigative attention from him to two other scientists at Fort Detrick, where Ivins worked. The documents also describe Ivins's fascination with the Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority and how he engaged in an "edit war" on the group's Wikipedia page. Ivins, investigators reported, repeatedly posted negative information on the KKG page and was angered when it was removed from the site by other users. In a February 2007 online posting traced to one of his e-mail addresses, Ivins bizarrely claimed that the sorority had, many years earlier, labeled him an "enemy" and had issued a "Fatwah" against him.
Following the September 11 attacks (but before the anthrax mailings), Ivins sent an e-mail to a colleague warning that Osama bin Laden disciples possessed anthrax and sarin gas. In other e-mails sent during 2000 and 2001, Ivins described his precarious mental state and wrote that he worried about someday reading a headline in the National Enquirer exclaiming, "Paranoid Man Works With Deadly Anthrax!!!" A July 11, 2008 affidavit reported that Ivins, angered at being the government's prime suspect, planned "to kill co-workers and other individuals who had wronged him." The law enforcement searches, executed by agents with the FBI and U.S. Postal Service, targeted Ivins's Frederick, Maryland home, his government lab, three automobiles, several e-mail accounts, and a safe deposit box.
14 pages here:
http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/years/2008/0806081anthrax1.html

Jean Duley AKA Jean Whitman - government informant?

Duh! A recovering alcohol is one thing. Duley AKA Whitman is obviously another "thing". The FBI's star is a coke/crackhead, junky, motorcycle mama.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/story/2008/08/05/ST20080805...

Tales of Addiction, Anxiety, Ranting
Scientist, Counselor Recount Recent Turmoil in Anthrax Suspect's Life

By Amy Goldstein, Nelson Hernandez and Anne Hull
Washington Post Staff Writers
Wednesday, August 6, 2008; A01

Late last fall, Bruce E. Ivins was drinking a liter of vodka some nights, taking large doses of sleeping pills and anti-anxiety drugs, and typing out rambling e-mails into the early morning hours, according to a fellow scientist who helped him through this period.

It was around the time that FBI agents showed Ivins's 24-year-old daughter pictures of the victims who had died in the 2001 anthrax attacks and told her, "Your father did this," the scientist said. The agents also offered her twin brother the $2.5 million reward for solving the anthrax case -- and the sports car of his choice.

Ivins "was e-mailing me late at night with gobbledygook, ranting and raving" about what he called the "persecution" of his family, said the scientist, a recovering alcohol and drug user who had been sober for more than a decade. The scientist, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said that he had been contacted by a co-worker of Ivins's at the sprawling Army biodefense laboratory in Fort Detrick and that the co-worker said the veteran anthrax researcher "has really gone down the tubes."

The scientist agreed to help Ivins, focusing on a 12-step recovery program. He was one of many people who intervened in Ivins's life before he committed suicide last week as law officials were preparing to indict him in the anthrax attacks that killed five people.

Before he died July 29 of a Tylenol overdose, Ivins, 62, had two inpatient stays at Maryland hospitals for detoxification and rehabilitation and attended two sets of therapy sessions with a counselor who eventually sought court protection from him.

Ivins had just returned from a four-week stay at a psychiatric hospital in Western Maryland in late May when he wrote the fellow scientist in recovery a calm, six-sentence e-mail. "I hope," it said, "that both of us avoid relapsing into our previous substance abuse." Since his death, Ivins's long-term mental health and the psychological effects of the investigation have become increasingly prominent questions.

The counselor he saw for group therapy and biweekly individual sessions, who would eventually tell a judge that he was a "sociopathic, homicidal killer," had a troubled past. Jean C. Duley, who worked until recent days for Comprehensive Counseling Associates in Frederick, is licensed as an entry-level drug counselor and was, according to one of her mentors, allowed to work with clients only under supervision of a more-seasoned professional.

In a 1999 interview with The Washington Post, Duley described her background as a motorcycle gang member and a drug user. "Heroin. Cocaine. PCP," said Duley, who then used the name Jean Wittman. "You name it, I did it."

Ivins starting working with Duley after a stint in rehabilitation about six months ago. It was not the first time, though, that people sensed that he had an addiction problem. W. Russell Byrne, an infectious disease specialist who worked with Ivins in the bacteriology division at Fort Detrick until Byrne's 2000 retirement from the Army, has kept up with his former colleagues. Byrne said he remembers offering Ivins a beer one night several years ago when Ivins made a rare appearance at a party at Bushwaller's, an Irish pub in the heart of Frederick where their crowd of scientists sometimes gathered. "He declined," Byrne recalled. "He said he had a family history of alcoholism."

Gerry Andrews, who worked with Ivins at Fort Detrick for nine years and was the bacteriology division's chief from 2000 to 2003, said that it was rare for Ivins to join the other researchers after work for beer and that Ivins drank so little he was kidded about being a teetotaler.

Andrews said that after he retired from the Army, he kept in touch with Ivins via e-mail, sharing jokes and pondering scientific questions. Then in fall 2007, Andrews said, "he kind of fell off the radar screen. I found out that there was some issues with his house being surveilled."

According to the scientist, who said he spent about 80 hours with Ivins to help him recover from his addiction, the FBI agents pressured Ivins's children, and they were pressuring Ivins in public places. One day in March, when Ivins was at a Frederick mall with his wife and son, the agents confronted the researcher and said, "You killed a bunch of people." Then they turned to his wife and said, "Do you know he killed people?" according to the scientist.

The same week, Ivins angrily told a former colleague that he suspected his therapist was cooperating with the FBI. On March 19, police were called to Ivins's home and found him unconscious. He was evaluated at Frederick Memorial Hospital.

Ivins was an inpatient in April at Suburban Hospital in Bethesda, the scientist said, and it was during that time that Ivins and the scientist had especially intense visits. And in a late morning e-mail to him on May 26, Ivins wrote: "I just came back from 4 weeks of rehab at the Massie Unit of the Finan Center in Cumberland. It was a good program. . . . They talk about relapse triggers, relapse prevention, stress management, etc."

It is unclear when Ivins began to see Duley at Comprehensive Counseling, 1 1/2 miles from his home. According to a court filing last month, Duley said she had known Ivins for six months. Another source said Ivins began to see her after he left Suburban Hospital.

[COMMENT: This should all be a matter of record! That is, unless they don't want a record.

A spokeswoman at Suburban, while not confirming whether Ivins had been a patient, said the behavioral medicine department there sometimes gives patients lists of places near their homes where they can pursue outpatient therapy, including Comprehensive Counseling.

According to court records, Ivins also saw a psychiatrist, David Irwin, at Shady Grove Psychiatric Group in Gaithersburg, although it is unclear when he was a patient there. Neither Irwin nor Duley have returned repeated phone calls. Allan Levy, Duley's boss and the director of Comprehensive Counseling, declined to comment.

Duley, seeking the protective order against Ivins, testified before a Frederick County judge last month, saying that Ivins had said during a July group therapy session that he had bought a bulletproof vest and a gun to carry out "a very detailed plan to kill his co-workers." When she sought to have him committed, she said, he threatened her. To this day, Duley is the only person who has said publicly that Ivins intended to kill. In court testimony, she said she was cooperating with the FBI.

Staff writers Aaron C. Davis and Michael E. Ruane and staff researchers Julie Tate and Meg Smith contributed to this report.